A systematic review of progranulin concentrations in biofluids in over 7,000 people-assessing the pathogenicity of GRN mutations and other influencing factors.
Authors
Imogen J Swift, Rosa Rademakers, NiCole Finch, Matt Baker, Roberta Ghidoni, Luisa Benussi, Giuliano Binetti, Giacomina Rossi, Matthis Synofzik, Carlo Wilke, David Mengel, Caroline Graff, Leonel T Takada, Raquel Sánchez-Valle, Anna Antonell, Daniela Galimberti, Chiara Fenoglio, Maria Serpente, Marina Arcaro, Stefanie Schreiber, Stefan Vielhaber, Philipp Arndt, Isabel Santana, Maria Rosario Almeida, Fermín Moreno, Myriam Barandiaran, Alazne Gabilondo, Johannes Stubert, Estrella Gómez-Tortosa, Pablo Agüero, M José Sainz, Tomohito Gohda, Maki Murakoshi, Nozomu Kamei, Sarah Kittel-Schneider, Andreas Reif, Johannes Weigl, Jinlong Jian, Chuanju Liu, Ginette Serrero, Thomas Greither, Gerit Theil, Ebba Lohmann, Stefano Gazzina, Silvia Bagnoli, Giovanni Coppola, Amalia Bruni, Mirja Quante, Wieland Kiess, Andreas Hiemisch, Anne Jurkutat, Matthew S Block, Aaron M Carlson, Geir Bråthen, Sigrid Botne Sando, Gøril Rolfseng Grøntvedt, Camilla Lauridsen, Amanda Heslegrave, Carolin Heller, Emily Abel, Alba Gómez-Núñez, Roger Puey, Andrea Arighi, Enmanuela Rotondo, Lize C Jiskoot, Lieke H H Meeter, João Durães, Marisa Lima, Miguel Tábuas-Pereira, João Lemos, Bradley Boeve, Ronald C Petersen, Dennis W Dickson, Neill R Graff-Radford, Isabelle LeBer, Leila Sellami, Foudil Lamari, Fabienne Clot, Barbara Borroni, Valentina Cantoni, Jasmine Rivolta, Alberto Lleó, Juan Fortea, Daniel Alcolea, Ignacio Illán-Gala, Lucie Andres-Cerezo, Philip Van Damme, Jordi Clarimon, Petra Steinacker, Emily Feneberg, Markus Otto, Emma L van der Ende, John C van Swieten, Harro Seelaar, Henrik Zetterberg, Aitana Sogorb-Esteve, Jonathan D Rohrer
Pathogenic heterozygous mutations in the progranulin gene (GRN) are a key cause of frontotemporal dementia (FTD), leading to significantly reduced biofluid concentrations of the progranulin protein (PGRN). This has led to a number of ongoing therapeutic trials aiming to treat this form of FTD by increasing PGRN levels in mutation carriers. However, we currently lack a complete understanding of factors that affect PGRN levels and potential variation in measurement methods. Here, we aimed to address this gap in knowledge by systematically reviewing published literature on biofluid PGRN concentrations.
