Neuroimmune interactions

The brain needs to be kept free of infections in order to function properly. We have therefore evolved a complex set of defence measures that together comprise a brain-resident arm of the immune system. This normally acts to prevent, and quickly respond to, infections and other sources of damage, clearing up dead cells and removing pathogens. 

It is increasingly becoming clear that the immune system in the brain is chronically activated in neurodegenerative diseases. Microglia, the dedicated immune cells of the brain, and astrocytes, which have many roles including making conditions right for neuron survival, both exhibit signs of long-term activation. In some regards, this activation can be positive, helping to keep the brain clear of misfolded proteins and dead cells. However, prolonged neuroinflammation can also have a detrimental effect and contribute to cell death and neuron dysfunction. Over time, these neuro-immune interactions can therefore have profound consequences on normal brain function. 

At the UK DRI, we are actively studying this complex interplay between immune system and disease. The Neuroimmune Interactions thematic network brings together experts in diverse backgrounds to help understand this problem from an interdisciplinary point-of-view, including scientists and clinicians specialising in the immune system, infection and neurobiology. We are using the insight we generate to investigate how the immune system can be modified or harnessed for therapies of the future.